Pdf mechanical properties of palm oil clinker concrete. Arthur michael harrisson, in leas chemistry of cement and concrete fifth edition, 2019. The use of superplasticiser achieved the best 28 day concrete strengths, and dosage optimisation is expected to yield further improvements. Properties of concrete image shown is a twodimensional slice from a threedimensional spherical computational volume unhydrated cement cores are dark blue, inner csh product is red, outer csh project is yellow, and waterfilled space is light blue properties of concrete stages of hydration. The term concrete refers to a mixture of aggregates, usually sand. Palm oil clinker is a byproduct of palm oil industry which normally being dumped abundantly as waste which caused to the undesirable effects to our environment sustainability. Cement mixed with fine aggregate produces mortar for masonry, or with sand and gravel, produces concrete. This research introduces reactive aggregate concrete rac, formed by partial replacement of natural aggregate with portland cement pc clinker of the same size as a reactive aggregate in the concrete mix to reduce the itz and improve the concrete properties. The important properties of good cement are the following. It is produced by sintering fusing together without melting to the point of liquefaction limestone and aluminosilicate materials such as clay during the cement kiln stage.
Pdf cement chemistry download full pdf book download. The lumps or nodules of clinker are usually of diameter 325 mm and dark grey in color. Effect of clinker free lime and cement fineness on the cement. Ordinary portland cement constituents, properties, types. In developing countries, abundant agricultural and industrial wastes are discharged. Properties of concrete while cement in one form or another has been around for centuries, the type we use was invented in 1824 in britain. Cement types, composition, uses and advantages of nanocement. Recycled materials, such as postconsumer glass, slag cement, or recycled aggregate, are often used in the composition of the blocks. Concrete is considered as lightweight when its density ranges between 1440. Cements composition, types finish up cement manufacture properties of component phases types of cements chapter 2 properties of concrete neville chapter 6 concrete. Testing had been undertaken in this thesis which covers the fresh properties, strength development and durability of concrete produced with cement different level. Utilization of iron ore tailings as raw material for.
The coarse and as defined by the european standard 7, portland cement. The mineral additions to cement are described as are their influence on cementpaste properties. It was aimed to determine the effect of clinker composition on various properties of portlandpozzolan cements. It can be controlled by remixing without additional water or strength loss. Clinker formation relies on numerous kiln feed properties and pyroprocessing conditions. White cement is same as that of grey portland cement but the only differ is in the colour and fineness.
Properties of beliterich portland cement and concrete in china 386 hbc with nsp naphthalene based superplasticizer. Inspect all materials used in the construction of concrete. Sorrentino, effect of large additions of cd, pb, cr, zn, to cement raw meal on the composition and the properties of the clinker and the cement, cement and concrete research, vol. This colour of this cement is determined by its raw materials and the process of manufacture. Not only the minimum dosage of nsp for achieving optimum flow for hbc pastes is lower, but also higher flow rate and flow retention time as well compared with pc pastes at related admixture dosage. Properties of beliterich portland cement and concrete in china. The first type has a clinker free lime content is less of 2% and the second type has a high content of free lime unburnt. When cement clinker is ground with a specified amount of gypsum, it will produce portland cement or when ground with specified amounts of. Concrete is the most widely used material in existence and is only behind water as. Concrete basicsaims to provide a clear, concise explanation of all aspects of making quality concrete. Effect of substitution of normal weight coarse aggregate with. It is produced by heating limestone and clay to the point of liquefaction at about 1400c1500c in the rotary kiln. Properties of concrete with cement clinker aggregate sciencedirect.
About four tons of concrete are produced per person per year worldwide and about 1. Structural properties of concrete linkedin slideshare. Understanding the influential properties of the feed chemistry, fineness, uniformity, and mineralogy can lead to. The size of the particles of the cement is its fineness. Freshly manufactured concrete is highly basic with a ph of about, but carbonated concrete is close to neutral acidity with a ph of around 8. The objective of the mix design is to assure that the product has speci. It covers multicomponent systems, clinker phase structures and their reactions with water, hydrate composition and structure, as well as their physical properties. Effect of residual caso4 in clinker on properties of high belite. Effects of clinker composition on the properties of. Modern tests show that opus caementicium had as much compressive strength as modern portlandcement concrete ca. Effect of clinker free lime and cement fineness on the. When 10% natural dg was added, the compressive strength of cement pastes could reach the maximum value, which was 35 and 80 mpa at 3.
The effects of another local waste material from coal combustion i. It was named portland cement because it looked like the. This paper studied the mechanical properties of local palm oil clinker. The highest mean compressive strength values after 2, 7 and 28 days were obtained for mortars made of cement coming from grinding of portland clinker with 15%. After ground separately having three blaine fineness value. Effect of substitution of normal weight coarse aggregate. Pdf this research aims to utilize coal furnace bottom ash cba and oilpalm boiler clinker opbc as fine aggregate in concrete mix proportions. The analysis of taupo pumice as an effective replacement. Is code book cement and concrete indian standard codes. The compressive strength of cubical blocks of ordinary portland cement and sand 1. Process characteristics of clinker and cement production.
Portland cement is essentially the ground product of portland cement clinker. The specific gravity for the palm oil clinker must be less than the normal weight aggregate which is below 2. Specification for coarse and fine aggregates from natural sources for concrete click here is 455. Intended use of the product cement clinker is produced by heating to high temperature a mixture of substances such as limestone and shale.
Defects of the victorian period 1837 to 1901 the victorian period is a well established period in the public mindset and many victorian properties are still held up as the epitome of sturdy design and as symbols of the empire. For this purpose, two kinds of clinkers were prepared. Pdf effect of aggregate size on the engineering properties. Concrete basicsaddresses the needs of unskilled and semiskilled persons undertaking general concreting projects including home and handyman projects. Malaysia is the worlds largest producer of palm oil in. Introduction to concrete concretess versatility, durability, sustainability, and economy have made it the worldss most widely used construction material. This paper studied the mechanical properties of local palm oil clinker concrete including compressive strength, three point bending strength and tensile splitting test which is the most important. Ordinary portland cement constituents, properties, types and uses. The time taken to achieve a specific strength is an important economic and design parameter in high strength concrete construction. The analysis of taupo pumice as an effective replacement for.
Inspect all materials used in the construction of concrete work at their source, on the job, or both. Cement is seldom used on its own, but rather to bind sand and gravel together. The addition of gypsum when grinding clinker to act as a retardant to the setting of concrete was introduced in the usa. Portland cement are iron ore, lime, alumina and silica. Therefore, mixes are designed on an empirical basis, often with the help of trial mixes. Compound composition of clinker cement four major compounds formed from the oxides under high temperature in the kiln name oxide notation shorthand tricalcium silicate 3 cao. Vertical shaft kilns were replaced with rotary kilns and ball mills were used for. The paste is composed of cement, water, and entrained air and ordinarily constitutes 20 to 40 percent of the total volume. Deterioration of clinker in filler joist mass concrete systems. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Properties of beliterich portland cement and concrete in. For this, two types of clinker were used to produce cements study. In this article we study about manufacture, properties, uses and difference of white cement.
Pdf mechanical properties of high strength concrete containing. Specification for ordinary portland cement, 33 grade click here is 269 20. Study on fresh concrete properties using palm oil clinker. Mar 23, 2015 this presentation is for the structural properties of concrete. Portland slag cement psc is 4551989 portland slag cement is obtained by mixing portland cement clinker, gypsum and granulated blast furnace slag. Finally, the properties of fresh and hardened concrete tests were determined. A pozzolanic material is essentially a silicious or aluminous material which while in itself possessing no cementitious properties, which will, in finely divided form and in the presence of water, react with calcium. Lower density blocks may use industrial wastes, such as fly ash or bottom ash, as an aggregate. A concrete masonry unit cmu is a standard size rectangular block used in building construction. A series of concrete mixes were studied and analysed in replacing the coarse and fine aggregates by palm oil clinker. For this purpose, having different chemical compositions five clinker and one natural pozzolan were selected. Cement clinker is a solid material produced in the manufacture of portland cement as an intermediary product. Portland cement consists of four major clinker compounds, c 3 s, c 2 s, c 3 a, and c 4 af together with the gypsum added during grinding.
The corresponding cements of the two clinker types were prepared with an. High strength concrete properties, admixture, and mix design. Concretes prepared with unhydrated cement clinker substituted for the coarse andor fine natural aggregate showed improved compressive, flexural, and tensile. Portland cement and aggregate, usually sand and fine gravel, for highdensity blocks. Properties of cement the properties of cement entirely depends upon its composition, burning and grinding. The cement industry has for some time been seeking alternative raw material for the portland cement clinker production. In fact, a high early strength may bring far more practical and economic benefits than a high strength at a later age, in terms of early removal of formwork, increased productivity of precast units, early transfer of prestress, and early application of service loads. Pdf cement types, composition, uses and advantages of. Cmus are some of the most versatile building products available because of the wide variety of appearances that can be achieved using concrete masonry units. Density of cement, clinker in 285 units and reference information. High strength concrete properties, admixture, and mix.
Components of concrete concrete is made up of two components, aggregates and paste. The aim of this study was to clarify the role of daily cement variations on concrete workability and to develop methods for cement quality control at precast concrete factories. Properties of concrete with cement clinker aggregate. Using pc clinker as aggregateenhancing concrete properties. Study on fresh concrete properties using palm oil clinker as. These are ground up and fired in a kiln to produce a clinker. The use of waste glass for cement production iopscience. Concrete to be used in marine condition, in foundation and basement, where soil is infested with sulphates. The relative portions of these compounds can be changed to optimize specific properties of the cement discussed in more detail below. In imperial or us customary measurement system, the density is equal to 88. Properties of concrete when first mixed the water and cement constitute a paste which surrounds all the individual pieces of aggregate to make a plastic mixture.
The mechanical properties of the palm oil clinker lightweight concrete are addressed and discussed. Properties of concrete concrete is an artificial conglomerate stone made essentially of portland cement, water, and aggregates. Mar 02, 2017 portland pozzolana cement ppc is manufactured by the inter grinding of opc clinker with 10 to 25 per cent of pozzolanic material. Concrete, cement clinker aggregate, properties 10 x a 8 t v c a n n a o u 105 wc 0. Clinker, when added with gypsum to control the setting properties of cement and ensure compressive strength and ground finely, produces. Pdf effect of aggregate size on the engineering properties of. This paper presents an investigation on the fresh concrete properties using palm oil clinker as fine aggregate replacement material. Density of cement, clinker in 285 units and reference. Clinker occurs as lumps or nodules, usually 3 millimetres 0. Lightweight concrete using oil palm boiler clinker matec web of. Introduction to concrete portland cement association. The aim of this research was to investigate the possibility of utilizing iron ore tailings iot to replace clay as aluminasilicate raw material for the production of portland cement clinker. Specification for ordinary portland cement, 33 grade click here is 383 1970. The primary objective of this study is to conduct workability tests on m30 grade concrete for palm oil clinker replacement proportions of 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25% by weight of fine aggregate.
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